Experimental Designs and Number of Animal to Increase Efficiency in Animal Experiments

Animal Experiments in Medicine Animal houses, breeding of experimental animals

Use of factorial designs to optimize animal experiments and reduce animal use.

Optimization of experiments, such as those used in drug discovery, can lead to useful savings of scientific resources. Factors such as sex, strain, and age of the animals and protocol-specific factors such as timing and methods of administering treatments can have an important influence on the response of animals to experimental treatments. Factorial experimental designs can be used to explore ...

Animal Experiments in Medicine Experimental techniques. Gastrointestinal research

Establishing an experimental science of culture: animal social diffusion experiments

A growing set of observational studies documenting putative cultural variations in wild animal populations has been complemented by experimental studies that can more rigorously distinguish between social and individual learning. However, these experiments typically examine only what one animal learns from another. Since the spread of culture is inherently a group-level phenomenon, greater vali...

Relevance of animal experiments to humans.

The best evidence of an adverse human health effect is a properly conducted epidemiological study. But human beings should not be the sole test animal. Properly conducted animal studies have been shown to be preductive for carcinogenicity and toxicologic responses in human populations. We need to develop more efficient predictive animal tests for all the common serious toxic effects caused by c...